Today I've learned about 'Borang Kebenaran Kerja Modal' (BKKM)
BKKM will be done by staff of planning division, then it will be submitted to the division of project. In the BKKM, the information that must be included is:
(a) Transformer that will be used
(b) Cable rating
(c) Demand estimation
(d) Load factor range
(e) Plan of the building and included the cable plan
That's all that I've learned for today. =_+
Friday 8 April 2011
Thursday 7 April 2011
7 APRIL 2011
As usual, I had a breakfast with the staff of division of planning. Today I followed Mr. Azizul to substation at Stadium Kuala Kubu Bharu. Currently, the substation is using olu and hfu gear that is based on oil. The gear must to be susbstitute with RMU that is based on gas. The substation's type is compact substation, very limited space.
Substation of Kuala Kubu Bharu Stadium
distribution board and it's tag
HFU and OLU with their tag
Transformer and it's tag
After lunch Mr. Mohd Hafizi ordered me to do a comment about a project of application for electric supply. the project is:
Some example of my comment:
That's all for today.. =_+
After lunch Mr. Mohd Hafizi ordered me to do a comment about a project of application for electric supply. the project is:
Some example of my comment:
That's all for today.. =_+
Wednesday 6 April 2011
6 APRIL 2011
After having my breakfast, I went to a 'Pencawang Pembahagian Utama (PPU)', Batang Kali. I went there with Mr. Mohd Hafizi, Mr. Taufik and Mr. Amir. The main purpose of going there is because of Mr. Amir and Mr. Taufik have to take load reading at the PPU. They have to take load reading every one hour until 10 pm. I took the opportunity to learn about the PPU.
PPU Batang Kali is the smallest PPU in the region of Rawang.
PPU Batang Kali
The electric supply of PPU Batang Kali come from two sources that is from 'Pencawang Masuk Utama (PMU)', Rasa and from overhead (o/h) line. From the overhead line, the electric goes to overhead line box in the PPU.
O/H line box
O/H incoming
O/H outgoing
Then, the electric will flow to transformer, in order to step down from 33kV into 11kV.
stepdown transformer 33kV/11kV (TX2)
stepdown transformer 33kV/11kV (TX1)
After flowing into the transformer, it will flow into circuit breaker. PPU Batang Kali didn't use overhead line as their main electrical source, so at the circuit breaker it will open circuit for electric that comes from the transformer. The circuit breaker only short circuit for current that comes from PMU Rasa.
Circuit breaker
electric supply from PMU Rasa
Open circuit
At the circuit breaker, there is an ammeter that showed the load reading. There is certain current load, if the load exceeded the limit, the circuit breaker will trip.
example:
- CT ratio: 600/5
- setting: O/C: 2.5A, 50%, 0.1 (over current)
E/F: 1A, 20%, 0.1 (earth fault)
- So. the max carried load is 300A.
Tag for CT ratio with O/C: 50%
Tag for CT ratio with O/C: 100%
After the circuit breaker, the current will be distribute to the building around the PPU.
In the PPU, there is two more chamber. One of the chamber is consists of tap change, control panel and battery charger. The tap changer's function is to maintain voltage to be 11kV all the time. This is important to avoid overload voltage that will break down electrical appliance in the residence, but at this PPU, the tap changer switch is already broke down, so the switching will be run manually. The switching only happen when there is a report from the residence. The control panel will control the transformer while battery charger will charge wet battery that is in the other room. If there is 'black out', the battery charger will provide current for the PPU.
The two chambers in PPU Batang Kali
Control panel for TX1 & TX2
Battery charger
Spare charger
Wet battery
At the evening, I continue my study on the PSI. For this evening, I have covered 6 topics that is ‘PROSEDUR PERANCANGAN PENYALURAN BEKALAN VR (SERBIS)’, ‘PROSEDUR PERANCANGAN PROJEK SISTEM 33KV BAGI PENCAWANG PEMBAHAGIAN UTAMA (PPU)’, ‘PROSEDUR PROSES PERMOHONAN LAMPU JALANRAYA MENGGUNAKAN PEPASANGAN TNB’, ‘PROSEDUR PROSES PERMOHONAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK SECARA BIASA’, ‘PROSEDUR MENYEDIAKAN UNJURAN BEBAN DAN SERAKAN BEBAN UNTUK NEGERI’ and ‘PROSEDUR PENGURUSAN PERMOHONAN & PENYALURAN BEKALAN KE LAMPU AWAM’.
That's all.. =_+
PPU Batang Kali is the smallest PPU in the region of Rawang.
The electric supply of PPU Batang Kali come from two sources that is from 'Pencawang Masuk Utama (PMU)', Rasa and from overhead (o/h) line. From the overhead line, the electric goes to overhead line box in the PPU.
Then, the electric will flow to transformer, in order to step down from 33kV into 11kV.
After flowing into the transformer, it will flow into circuit breaker. PPU Batang Kali didn't use overhead line as their main electrical source, so at the circuit breaker it will open circuit for electric that comes from the transformer. The circuit breaker only short circuit for current that comes from PMU Rasa.
At the circuit breaker, there is an ammeter that showed the load reading. There is certain current load, if the load exceeded the limit, the circuit breaker will trip.
example:
- CT ratio: 600/5
- setting: O/C: 2.5A, 50%, 0.1 (over current)
E/F: 1A, 20%, 0.1 (earth fault)
- So. the max carried load is 300A.
After the circuit breaker, the current will be distribute to the building around the PPU.
In the PPU, there is two more chamber. One of the chamber is consists of tap change, control panel and battery charger. The tap changer's function is to maintain voltage to be 11kV all the time. This is important to avoid overload voltage that will break down electrical appliance in the residence, but at this PPU, the tap changer switch is already broke down, so the switching will be run manually. The switching only happen when there is a report from the residence. The control panel will control the transformer while battery charger will charge wet battery that is in the other room. If there is 'black out', the battery charger will provide current for the PPU.
At the evening, I continue my study on the PSI. For this evening, I have covered 6 topics that is ‘PROSEDUR PERANCANGAN PENYALURAN BEKALAN VR (SERBIS)’, ‘PROSEDUR PERANCANGAN PROJEK SISTEM 33KV BAGI PENCAWANG PEMBAHAGIAN UTAMA (PPU)’, ‘PROSEDUR PROSES PERMOHONAN LAMPU JALANRAYA MENGGUNAKAN PEPASANGAN TNB’, ‘PROSEDUR PROSES PERMOHONAN BEKALAN ELEKTRIK SECARA BIASA’, ‘PROSEDUR MENYEDIAKAN UNJURAN BEBAN DAN SERAKAN BEBAN UNTUK NEGERI’ and ‘PROSEDUR PENGURUSAN PERMOHONAN & PENYALURAN BEKALAN KE LAMPU AWAM’.
That's all.. =_+
Tuesday 5 April 2011
5 APRIL 2011
Today my mentor, Pn Anisah came. We did a morning meeting in the office and after breakfast I was directed by Pn Anisah to follow Mr. Affendi (Planning engineer Assistant) to a site. We went to Taman Garing Utama, Rawang because there is a factory apply for electric supply. The factory's name is Hing Keong Engineering.
Below is the picture taken at the site:
from left: owner of the factory, Mr. Affendi, TNB technician.
The name of the factory
No. lot of the factory
in the factory
The nearest substation to the factory
After come back to the office, Mr. Mohd. Hafizi asked me to study on PSI in the TNB website. This evening, I have covered 2 topics that is ‘prosedur perancangan projek bekalan dan sistem 22kV dan ke bawah’ and ‘prosedur penyediaan distribution network master plan (DNMP)’ .
After that, I read ' electricity supply application handbook' and had covered topic 'metering guidelines'.
From the topic I have learned that meter is divide into 5 part that is:
- single phase metering (240V, 10A-100A)
- three phase whole current metering (415V, 10A-100A)
- group metering for whole current metering (for multi-tenanted premises)
- LVCT metering (more than 100A)
- medium and high voltage metering (current transformer (CTs) and potential transformer (PTs))
After that I'm going home =_+
Below is the picture taken at the site:
After come back to the office, Mr. Mohd. Hafizi asked me to study on PSI in the TNB website. This evening, I have covered 2 topics that is ‘prosedur perancangan projek bekalan dan sistem 22kV dan ke bawah’ and ‘prosedur penyediaan distribution network master plan (DNMP)’ .
After that, I read ' electricity supply application handbook' and had covered topic 'metering guidelines'.
From the topic I have learned that meter is divide into 5 part that is:
- single phase metering (240V, 10A-100A)
- three phase whole current metering (415V, 10A-100A)
- group metering for whole current metering (for multi-tenanted premises)
- LVCT metering (more than 100A)
- medium and high voltage metering (current transformer (CTs) and potential transformer (PTs))
After that I'm going home =_+
Monday 4 April 2011
4 APRIL 2011
Today is my first day of internship. My internship started with, I went to a wrong office. I didn't notice that there are two places of TNB, Rawang. At 8.45 am, I arrived at the real office that is at Rawang Integrated Park. In schedule, I have been placed at division of planning. My current mentor a.k.a boss is Pn. Anisah but today Pn. Anisah is not around, she have to go to a meeting at port dickson. So, Mohd Hafizi (engineer of planning) be my mentor for today :-)
This is my table in the office:-
After tidy up my table, Mr. Mohd Hafizi ask me to learn something from the technician there.
Firstly, Mr. Azizul (technician), teach me on the procedure to substitute oil-linked unit (OLU) gear with ring-main unit (RMU) gear. OLU gear is based on oil, it is not suitable to be used nowadays. that's why it had to be substitute with RMU gear that is based on gas. The procedure is:-
(a) Allowance
- Budget allowance for supervisor, technician, sub-technician and engineer accordingly.
- The allowance is including food, transport and etc.
- Most of the allowance is based on day basis except for transport that is based on mileage.
- the most frequent person at the site is supervisor, followed by sub-technician, technician and lastly engineer.
(b) Planning of what have to be done
- Remodel the current gear that is OLU into RMU.
- Buy the RMU.
- Rent a crane.
- Rent a lorry.
- Remove the existing sand.
- Refill the sand.
(c) Buy cable
- Buy 1 type of 95mmp and 2 types of 240mmp.
- The 95mmp cable is from the fuse into transformer in the gear. The 95mmp cable will go to the transformer and at the transformer, the cable will break into 3 that is yellow, blue and red. Neutral wire does not need 95mmp cable.
- The 240mmp cable is use at the bottom of the gear. In this case, there are 2 switches, that's why is needed 2 cables of 240mmp.
Secondly, I learned from the technician beside of Mr. Azizul. He taught me on how to remodel the gear in the substation from 2+1 into 2+2. This cases happen when there is additional unit of houses in a residence.
(a) As an example the new medium density (MD) is 384 kW.
# MD = 384 kW
# in kVA = MD/0.85 (if mix residence, 60%-70%)
# in amp = MD/0.6111
# suitable kVA = 750 kVA.
(b) kVA exist is 100, 300, 500, 750 and 1000 kVA.
(c) For the new unit, we must to stack electric pole around accordingly. As minimum as we can, in order to reduce the cost borne by TNB.
(d) If the developer want additional street light, TNB will fully charge the develepor.
(e) Every unit of houses will be charge RM450.
(f) The wire between the electric pole is called 'span'.
(g) We must also take into account the quantity of wire from the electric poles into the unit of houses.
(h) The density of load is increasing by level as example : 2012 - 277 kW
2013 - 326 kW
2014 - 384 kW
(i) We must to calculate the voltage drop of the longest cable, make sure it does not exceeded 5%. As an example: if 430 meter long, the voltage drop is 3.87%
(j) Actually, the actual voltage drop is lower than in the project paper. TNB wants to prepare for the worst case scenario.
That's all I learned for today =_+
This is my table in the office:-
After tidy up my table, Mr. Mohd Hafizi ask me to learn something from the technician there.
Firstly, Mr. Azizul (technician), teach me on the procedure to substitute oil-linked unit (OLU) gear with ring-main unit (RMU) gear. OLU gear is based on oil, it is not suitable to be used nowadays. that's why it had to be substitute with RMU gear that is based on gas. The procedure is:-
(a) Allowance
- Budget allowance for supervisor, technician, sub-technician and engineer accordingly.
- The allowance is including food, transport and etc.
- Most of the allowance is based on day basis except for transport that is based on mileage.
- the most frequent person at the site is supervisor, followed by sub-technician, technician and lastly engineer.
(b) Planning of what have to be done
- Remodel the current gear that is OLU into RMU.
- Buy the RMU.
- Rent a crane.
- Rent a lorry.
- Remove the existing sand.
- Refill the sand.
(c) Buy cable
- Buy 1 type of 95mmp and 2 types of 240mmp.
- The 95mmp cable is from the fuse into transformer in the gear. The 95mmp cable will go to the transformer and at the transformer, the cable will break into 3 that is yellow, blue and red. Neutral wire does not need 95mmp cable.
- The 240mmp cable is use at the bottom of the gear. In this case, there are 2 switches, that's why is needed 2 cables of 240mmp.
Secondly, I learned from the technician beside of Mr. Azizul. He taught me on how to remodel the gear in the substation from 2+1 into 2+2. This cases happen when there is additional unit of houses in a residence.
(a) As an example the new medium density (MD) is 384 kW.
# MD = 384 kW
# in kVA = MD/0.85 (if mix residence, 60%-70%)
# in amp = MD/0.6111
# suitable kVA = 750 kVA.
(b) kVA exist is 100, 300, 500, 750 and 1000 kVA.
(c) For the new unit, we must to stack electric pole around accordingly. As minimum as we can, in order to reduce the cost borne by TNB.
(d) If the developer want additional street light, TNB will fully charge the develepor.
(e) Every unit of houses will be charge RM450.
(f) The wire between the electric pole is called 'span'.
(g) We must also take into account the quantity of wire from the electric poles into the unit of houses.
(h) The density of load is increasing by level as example : 2012 - 277 kW
2013 - 326 kW
2014 - 384 kW
(i) We must to calculate the voltage drop of the longest cable, make sure it does not exceeded 5%. As an example: if 430 meter long, the voltage drop is 3.87%
(j) Actually, the actual voltage drop is lower than in the project paper. TNB wants to prepare for the worst case scenario.
That's all I learned for today =_+
Sunday 3 April 2011
INTRODUCTION
In order to fulfill my engineering course at Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), I have to do internship in duration of 12 weeks. My internship take place from 4th April until 26th June 2011. I'm doing my internship at Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Rawang. It takes about 40 minutes journey from my house to the office.
Below is my internship schedule at TNB, Rawang.
That's all for the introduction =_+
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